Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) - Why Coggins Are Required
A horse in Surry County, has tested positive for equine infectious anemia this month. This is the first positive in NC since 2017.
EIA is an incurable disease commonly spread by biting flies and ticks or shared medical equipment between equines, such as horses, mules and donkeys. Clinical signs of EIA include fever, weakness, weight loss, anemia, edema and death. However, affected equine may not show symptoms. All infected equine, including those that are asymptomatic, are carriers of the disease. The disease does not affect people.
The test for EIA is commonly called a Coggins test. There is no approved vaccine for EIA in the United States.
To help prevent infection, follow these guidelines:
- Use sterile, disposable needles and syringes, one per horse, for all vaccines and medications.
- Test all horses for EIA every year, and at the time they enter a new premises.
- Keep stables and other facilities sanitary. Regularly clean stalls and properly dispose of manure away from horse stabling areas.
- Implement approved insect controls, such as insecticides and good drainage of standing water, to minimize fly presence.
- Only participate in events that require evidence of negative Coggins test.
- Isolate new horses on a property until they are tested for EIA.
- Never mix infected and healthy animals. Do not breed horses infected with EIA.
Equine owners who have concerns about their animal’s health should contact their local veterinarian. For
more information about EIA or other reportable animal diseases please call the Veterinary Division at 919-707-3250.
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