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As we move through the winter months in McDowell County, now is an important time for small ruminant producers to focus on management practices that support animal health, productivity, and preparedness for the upcoming spring season. Sheep and goats face unique challenges during colder weather, and proactive management can help reduce health issues and improve overall herd performance.
Nutrition and Body Condition
Cold temperatures increase energy requirements for sheep and goats. Producers should regularly evaluate body condition and adjust feed accordingly. High-quality hay should remain the foundation of the winter ration, and supplemental grain or protein may be necessary, especially for pregnant does and ewes in late gestation. Free-choice minerals formulated for small ruminants should be available at all times, with special attention to copper levels when managing mixed species.
Adequate access to clean, unfrozen water is critical. Decreased water intake can reduce feed consumption and negatively impact animal health.
Health Monitoring and Parasite Management
Winter is an ideal time to closely observe animals for signs of illness, weight loss, lameness, or respiratory issues. Producers should review herd health records and work with their veterinarian or Extension agent to evaluate vaccination schedules and deworming strategies.
While internal parasite pressure is typically lower during cold weather, strategic deworming based on fecal egg counts and body condition can help reduce parasite loads before spring grazing begins.
Hoof Care and Facility Management
Hoof trimming is often easier during the winter when animals are handled more frequently and parasite pressure is reduced. Regular hoof maintenance helps prevent lameness and foot rot, especially in wet or muddy conditions.
Shelter should provide protection from wind, rain, and snow while maintaining good ventilation. Bedding should be kept dry to reduce the risk of respiratory issues and foot problems.
Breeding and Kidding/Lambing Preparation
For producers planning spring kidding or lambing, now is the time to prepare. Evaluate body condition of pregnant animals, assemble kidding and lambing supplies, and ensure facilities are clean and ready. Monitoring animals closely as they approach parturition can help reduce losses and improve newborn survival.
Planning for the Year Ahead
Winter is also a valuable time for planning and evaluation. Producers should review last year’s records, assess pasture needs, order supplies, and consider attending educational programs or workshops. These opportunities can provide valuable information on nutrition, health, marketing, and pasture management.
By focusing on nutrition, health, facilities, and planning during the winter months, small ruminant producers in McDowell County can set their operations up for a successful and productive year ahead.
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